Top of page

Category: War and Society

A bending river with a boat on the water in the foreground. On the shore in the foreground, men in hats, a cannon. In the background, smoke rises from an explosion.

Of Note: A Manifesto’s Lasting Legacy

Posted by: Julie Miller

Filipino politician Apolinario Mabini’s “Manifesto Regarding the American Occupation and the Philippine Insurrection,” 1902, provides insight into the shifting political landscape of the Philippines after the conclusion of the Philippine-American War and the subsequent annexation of the archipelago by the United States.

A black and white allegorical print referencing the Treaty of Ghent which ended the War of 1812, showing Minerva dictating the terms of peace, which Mercury delivers to Britannia and Hercules compels her to accept.

Behind the Scenes with the Treaty of Ghent: The Library of Congress Acquires Unpublished Correspondence Between Henry Clay and William Harris Crawford

Posted by: Julie Miller

The Library of Congress has just received a group of thirteen letters, mostly from Henry Clay to William Harris Crawford, six of which are unpublished. These document the work of the American commissioners who negotiated the Treaty of Ghent, which ended the War of 1812, and the subsequent commercial treaty signed with Britain.

A page of handwritten text on browning paper, with a dark stain through the middle.

Stranded on a Passenger Ship During the Battle of Fort Sumter: A Confederate Surgeon’s Perspective

Posted by: Rachel McNellis

While on board a passenger ship anchored in Charleston Harbor on April 12, 1861, Confederate surgeon Dr. Edward S. Aldrich witnessed the Battle of Fort Sumter and encountered the USRC Harriet Lane. His personal account is detailed in a family letter in the Manuscript Division’s Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection.

Monochrome sketch of soldiers walking along jungle path

A Historian at War: The Unpublished Guadalcanal Diaries of Herbert Christian Laing Merillat

Posted by: Josh Levy

In 1982, former United States Marine Corps historian H. C. L. Merillat published a history of the Guadalcanal Campaign based largely on his wartime diaries, but he left out entries that showed him struggling with his role in the military and in the war. Unpublished excerpts reveal Merillat’s thoughts and insecurities during the campaign and reveal some of the burdens of recording history as it happened.

Published engraved image showing a crowd observing the balloon "Intrepid," leaving the ground in the distance.

Nothing Happens in Washington without a Purchase Order: William J. Rhees and Thaddeus Lowe’s Balloons, 1861

Posted by: Michelle Krowl

In summer 1861, William J. Rhees, chief clerk of the Smithsonian Institution, wrote to his wife about Professor Thaddeus Lowe’s balloon experiments on the National Mall . . . including the reason one ascent never got off the ground. Because (almost) nothing in Washington happens without first securing a purchase order or an appropriation.

Full body shot of Cannon standing on deck of ship

An American Tourist in Nazi Germany

Posted by: Josh Levy

Wendell Cannon, a high school teacher from Illinois, toured Europe during his summer break in 1936. His journal, photographs, and other souvenirs capture familiar tourist activities such as a visit to Paris’s Arc de Triomphe as well as the unique experience of visiting Nazi Germany and witnessing Jesse Owens win gold in the 1936 Berlin Summer Olympics.