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Coverage of an Early Labor Movement: Using Historical Newspapers to Analyze the Pecan Sheller Strike

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This post is by Camryn Blackmon, an intern in the Library of Congress Archives, History and Heritage Advanced Internship Program. A previous post that she wrote explored conditions that led the workers to strike.

On January 31, 1938, 12,000 pecan shellers in San Antonio, Texas, walked away from their jobs to protest working conditions and pay. During the three months of the strike, pecan shellers picketed the factories with signs to spread awareness. The local government opposed the efforts of the pecan shellers and sided with the pecan shelling companies. Political leaders claimed that the strike would become violent and disorderly, and they sent police officers to end the protest. Police officers confronted pecan shellers on strike with tear gas, clubs, and riot guns.

After the police violence, the nation became aware of the strike through regional and national newspapers. Newspapers reported on various aspects of the strike including responses from political leaders and involvement with the police during 1938.

Newspaper article on Pecan Shellers Strike
“Violence is Feared by Pecan Shellers,” Evening Star, February 14, 1938.
Image of Police Attacking striking Pecan Shellers.

“Police Rout Pecan Strikers,” Henderson Daily Dispatch, February 18, 1938.