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Category: Inventions

Drawing of an interpretation of David Bushnell's Turtle submarine, with cut-out showing a pilot inside.

David Bushnell’s Secret Submarine of the American Revolution

Posted by: Claire D’Mura

In celebration of America 250, we’ll take a quick dive into how David Bushnell designed and built his submarine, known as the Turtle, which was the first vessel to be used to attempt an underwater attack. Learn how he solved the immense challenges of making a working submarine using the technology available in 1776, even though things didn’t go entirely according to plan.

A bird's eye view of the 1879 Centennial fairgrounds in Philadelphia. The poster depicts the buildings, a train running next to the river, and the landscape of green grass and trees.

The Centennial Monorail: America’s Highway in the Sky

Posted by: Jennifer Harbster

In 1876, the first official World’s Fair in the United States, officially known as the International Exhibition of Arts, Manufactures, and Products of the Soil and Mine (or simply, the Centennial International Exhibition), was held in Philadelphia as part of the country’s 100th anniversary celebrations. To help transport attendees around the 3,000- acre Fairmount Park the West End Passenger Railway Company developed a rail system. However, the Agricultural and Horticultural Halls were not accessible by train and the company sought help from General Roy Stone to design a solution.

Cover of author Ainissa Ramirez's book, Spark: Jim West's Electrifying Adventures in Creating the Microphone, illustrated by Setor Fiadzigbey.

“Spark: Jim West’s Electrifying Adventures in Creating the Microphone” with Ainissa Ramirez on January 29, 2026

Posted by: Nate Smith

Join the Library of Congress Science Section on Thursday, January 29, 2026, at 2 p.m. (Eastern Time), for a virtual conversation with author, science communicator and past Kluge Chair in Science and Society, Ainissa Ramirez, about her new children’s picture book, “Spark: Jim West’s Electrifying Adventures in Creating the Microphone” (Candlewick Press, 2025).