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Category: Science

Cover of author Ainissa Ramirez's book, Spark: Jim West's Electrifying Adventures in Creating the Microphone, illustrated by Setor Fiadzigbey.

“Spark: Jim West’s Electrifying Adventures in Creating the Microphone” with Ainissa Ramirez on January 29, 2026

Posted by: Nate Smith

Join the Library of Congress Science Section on Thursday, January 29, 2026, at 2 p.m. (Eastern Time), for a virtual conversation with author, science communicator and past Kluge Chair in Science and Society, Ainissa Ramirez, about her new children’s picture book, “Spark: Jim West’s Electrifying Adventures in Creating the Microphone” (Candlewick Press, 2025).

Photograph of Ruth Wakefield's Toll House cookbooks. One cookbook is open on a book cradle and the other cookbooks are upright surrounding it. In front is a plate of chocolate chip cookies and a bag of Nestle semi-sweet chocolate morsels.

Ruth Wakefield and Her Chocolate Crunch Cookie

Posted by: Jennifer Harbster

Prior to 1930’s, the chocolate chip cookie, we know and love today, did not exist. The Library of Congress has a copy of Ruth Wakefield’s 1938 “Toll House Tried and True Recipes” (New York, M. Barrows and Company) that contains what food historians consider the first published chocolate chip cookie recipe.

Edward Lear illustrations for his nonsense botany. One image is a hand line drawing of Piggiwiggia Pyramadalis that shows and flower with the petals as pigs. The other illustration is a hand line drawing of Bottleforkia Spoonifolia, that shows the petals of the flower made of forks, the center of the flower is a bottle, and the leaves are spoons.

Nonsensical Nomenclature: The Botanical Musings of Edward Lear

Posted by: Jennifer Harbster

In trying to make distinct and unique names, the scientific world relies on a system of binomial nomenclature, or two-word names, to bring order and standardization to the naming of species. Still, even in this restrictive world, scientists have found many opportunities for fun. If anyone could take this appearance-of-nonsense and use it to full effect, it would be artist and poet Edward Lear, the grandfather of nonsense. In several of his nonsense books, he created charming sketches of made-up plants, with matching scientific names that were every bit as silly as the drawings.

Photograph inside a factory with bottle and boxes of catsup being inspected by working. Photo take circa 1920

Playing Ketchup: A Condiment and the Pure Food Movement

Posted by: Jennifer Harbster

Today, our beloved bottles of ketchup are consistent and shelf-stable thanks to the work of Katherine and Arvill Bitting who examined over 1,600 bottles of ketchup, visited 40 canneries producing tomato pulp, and toured 20 ketchup factories to come up with a method to make a safe and preservative-free ketchup.